Substantial evidence supports that the level of specificity of autobiographical memories affects the onset and course of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Furthermore, the modification of the specificity of autobiographical memories may serve as an effective alternative or adjunct to currently available interventions for psychological disorders. Research conducted with interventions that target autobiographical memory, including life review therapy and memory specificity training, is reviewed. Potential mechanisms (e.g., rumination, problem-solving) of memory specificity interventions and future extensions to existing research are also evaluated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)